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What a color temperature?
What a LED light bulbs color temperature?
Color temperature is an important aspect of color appearance that characterizes how “cool” (bluish) or how “warm” (yellowish) nominally white light appears. Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) is a metric that relates the appearance of a light source to the appearance of a theoretical black body heated to high temperatures. As a black body gets hotter, it turns red, orange, yellow, white, and finally blue. The CCT of a light source, given in Kelvin (K), is the temperature at which the heated black body most closely matches the color of the light source in question. It characterizes the color of the emitted light, not the color of illuminated objects. Like many color appearance metrics, CCT distills a complex spectral power distribution to a single number. This can create discord between numerical measurements and human perception. For example, two sources with the same CCT can look different, one
appearing greenish and the other appearing pinkish (see Figure 2). To address this issue, the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) references Duv, a metric that quantifies the distance between the chromaticity of a given light source and a blackbody radiator of equal CCT.3 ANSI has established Duv tolerances for LED lighting products producing white light.
Today’s LED systems can produce white light throughout the range of CCTs typically used in general lighting, including both interior and exterior applications. Due to differences in quantum efficiencies, higher-CCT LED sources tend to be more effi cacious than lower-CCT alternatives within the same product family.Some mixed or hybrid LED products feature independent control of the different components to allow for dynamic adjustment of CCT.
HOW TO READ THE CHART
The curved line is called the “Black Body Curve” and
represents the color temperature of an object (for instance a piece of steel) that is heated until it gives off light. The curve begins at the extreme right of the of the chart and moves to the left. As the steel is heated, its color (Color Temperature) changes from black to dull red, orange, yellow, white and finally blue, as the heat increases.
The lines intersecting the black body curve represent the range of points on the chart that will result in a specific color temperature.
A Metal Halide lamp with Chromaticity coordinates of
X=0.396, Y=0.402 shows that the lamp has a 3800K Color Temperature (shown by the red “X”).
*Kelvin is a temperature scale in which zero occurs at absolute zero and each degree equals one Kelvin.
How important is color temperature?
Color Temperature is indicated in units called Kelvin and its value determines whether light bulbs produce warm or cold light. This guide shows how LED and energy-saving light bulbs can have different color temperatures.
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What are LED filaments?
LED filaments are an innovative technology, where a normal 3.0 V LED chip is adhered inside a leadframe cup with epoxy, and dispensers are used in the packaging process to make PLCC packages. LED filaments basically comprise of many LED chips placed next to each other in a series connection onto a glass substrate, and then are compressed into LED packages. The LED luminaires possess low current and high voltage features, which effectively lowers LED thermal dissipation and driver costs, giving it a competitive edge.
These LED filaments are a new type of LED packaging, and one of the most popular on the market because it can be used to make LED bulbs similar to incandescent bulbs, which can easily achieve omnidirectional 360 degree lighting.
LED filaments usually are made with 28 pieces of 1016 LEDs that are 0.02W, these LED chips use series connection to be placed on sapphire substrates that are 38 mm long and 1.5 mm wide, before it is coated with phosphor. LED filaments tend to use 10 mA electric current to drive the devices, and use 84V and have a luminous efficiency of 0.84W and light output of 100 lm. The LEDs lumen efficiency can reach 120 lm/W, and combined with red LED chips the CRI can reach above 95, and possess excellent optoelectronic features.
By using LED filaments the companies can make small to mid-power LED bulbs or candle lights that usually comprise of four LED filaments. The filaments can be arranged in two series connections or two parallel connections to reach the power output of 3.6W LED bulb or candle light, or reach 400 lm luminous output that can be used to replace 40W incandescent bulbs.
Icandescent bulb manufacturers can use current technology and production lines to make LED filament bulbs, which use existing incandescent bulb glass leadframe designs to connect the LED filaments. By using special highly transmissivity incandescent bulb technology and automatic glass bulb blowing technology to make incandescent LED bulbs with high C/P ratio.
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